A perturbação borderline da personalidade
Date
2015
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Coadvisor
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Publisher
EDIUAL
Language
Portuguese
Alternative Title
Borderline personality disorder
Abstract
A perturbação borderline da personalidade caracteriza-se por uma instabilidade
nas relações interpessoais e uma dificuldade no controlo dos
impulsos. Os pacientes têm um medo intenso do abandono, e uma tendência
para praticar actividades auto-lesivas, como o abuso de substâncias,
a auto-mutilação e o suicídio. Segundo o DSM-5™, o funcionamento da
personalidade caracteriza-se sobretudo por uma auto-imagem instável,
sentimentos de vazio, uma tendência para percepções selectivas das
características negativas dos outros e relações interpessoais intensas,
instáveis e conflituosas. Nesta perturbação, esta nova versão do DSM considera
ainda como traços patológicos, a labilidade emocional, a ansiedade,
a insegurança na separação e a depressividade. Apesar de se verificar
uma comorbilidade psiquiátrica significativa e um recurso frequente aos
serviços de saúde, os sintomas tendem a melhorar com a idade, estando
descritas remissões. Na sua etiologia estão envolvidos factores biológicos, familiares e ambientais, salientando-se as experiências traumáticas na
infância e um ambiente familiar invalidante. A terapia dialéctico-comportamental
foi especificamente desenvolvida para esta perturbação e
tem-se demonstrado útil. A farmacoterapia deve utilizar-se apenas como
adjuvante das intervenções psicológicas.
The borderline personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, and a difficulty in controlling impulses. Patients have an intense fear of abandonment, and are prone to practice selfdamaging activities, such as substance abuse, self-mutilation and suicide. According to the DSM-5 ™, the personality functioning is characterized primarily by an unstable self-image, feelings of emptiness, a propensity for selective perceptions of the negative characteristics of others and intense, unstable and conflicting interpersonal relationships. This new DSM version, also considers as pathological traits in this disorder, emotional lability, anxiousness, separation insecurity and depressivity. Although there is often psychiatric comorbidity and frequent use of health services, symptoms tend to improve with age, and remissions have been registered. In its etiology, biological, familial and environmental factors have been implied, especially traumatic childhood experiences and invalidating family environments. Dialectical behavioral therapy was specifically developed for this disorder and has proven to be useful. Pharmacotherapy should be used only as adjunctive to psychological interventions.
The borderline personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, and a difficulty in controlling impulses. Patients have an intense fear of abandonment, and are prone to practice selfdamaging activities, such as substance abuse, self-mutilation and suicide. According to the DSM-5 ™, the personality functioning is characterized primarily by an unstable self-image, feelings of emptiness, a propensity for selective perceptions of the negative characteristics of others and intense, unstable and conflicting interpersonal relationships. This new DSM version, also considers as pathological traits in this disorder, emotional lability, anxiousness, separation insecurity and depressivity. Although there is often psychiatric comorbidity and frequent use of health services, symptoms tend to improve with age, and remissions have been registered. In its etiology, biological, familial and environmental factors have been implied, especially traumatic childhood experiences and invalidating family environments. Dialectical behavioral therapy was specifically developed for this disorder and has proven to be useful. Pharmacotherapy should be used only as adjunctive to psychological interventions.
Keywords
borderline, instabilidade, impulsividade, suicídio, terapia dialéctico-comportamental., borderline, instability, impulsiveness, suicide, dialectical behavioral therapy
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Journal article
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Open Access